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Appendix A: Netstat status codes

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Appendix B: WHOIS Servers


A TCP connection can have one of 12 states, given by a code word.

CLOSED

The connection is disconnected and not being used

LISTEN

Your computer is waiting for an incoming connection. This is an open port.

SYN_SENT

Actively trying to establish connection

SYN_RECEIVED

Initial synchronization of the connection under way, about to connect

ESTABLISHED

Connection has been established, connection is active

CLOSE_WAIT

Remote shut down: waiting for the socket to close

FIN_WAIT_1

Socket closed, shutting down connection

CLOSING

Closed, then remote shutdown: awaiting acknowledgement. Attempting to shut down connection

LAST_ACK

Remote shut down, then closed: awaiting acknowledgement

FIN_WAIT_2

Socket closed, waiting for shutdown from other computer

TIME_WAIT

Wait after close for remote shutdown retransmission

TCB_DISCARD

TCP connection control block discarded